Here we report a new CdTe solar cell doping approach with great potential using a solution method via an ex-situ diffusion technique at low temperature (<230 ºC). The As doped CdSeTe solar cells with a decent efficiency of 18% and a breakthrough activation ratio of ~ 5.88% are obtained.

We developed a facile and scalable process to synthesize ultrathin (0.5 to 20 μm), free-standing and mechanically robust Li metal foils within graphene oxide host, enabling ideal prelithiation of conventional Li-ion full cells and prolong the cycle life of Li metal full cells by nine times.

Electrocaloric cooling could be efficient, compact, and even flexible. The temperature lift has been small. The cascade approach can resolve this issue, and additionally improve the COP.